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README.md
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license: cc-by-4.0
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---
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license: cc-by-4.0
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task_categories:
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- image-to-text
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- visual-question-answering
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- text-generation
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- question-answering
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language:
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- en
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tags:
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- multimodal
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- vision-language
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- medical
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- biomedical
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- neuroscience
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- epilepsy
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- rare-disease
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- STXBP1
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- STXBP2
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- Munc18
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- Munc18-1
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- syntaxin-binding-protein
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- CRISPR
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- CRISPR-Cas9
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- gene-therapy
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- ene-editing
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- base-editing
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- prime-editing
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- AAV
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- PubMed
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- PMC
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- full-text
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- research
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- encephalopathy
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- developmental-delay
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- LLaVA
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- scientific-figures
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pretty_name: STXBP1 PubMed Central Multimodal Dataset
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size_categories:
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- 10K<n<100K
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---
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## Dataset Description
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A comprehensive **multimodal** collection of ~31,500 scientific articles from PubMed Central (PMC) with **175,000+ figures and images**. This dataset pairs full-text articles with their associated scientific figures, making it one of the most complete publicly available multimodal resources for STXBP1 and gene therapy research.
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### Why Multimodal Matters
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Scientific understanding often depends on visual dataβprotein structures, experimental results, pathway diagrams, microscopy images. This dataset preserves the connection between article text and figures, enabling:
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- **Vision-language model training** on scientific content
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- **Figure-to-caption learning** for scientific image understanding
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- **Multimodal RAG systems** that can reason over both text and images
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- **Automated scientific figure analysis**
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### About STXBP1
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STXBP1 (also known as Munc18-1) encodes a protein essential for neurotransmitter release. Mutations cause **STXBP1 Encephalopathy**, a rare neurological disorder (~1 in 30,000 births) characterized by early-onset epilepsy, developmental delays, and movement disorders.
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---
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## Dataset Statistics
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| Metric | Count |
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|---------------------------------|-------|
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| **Total Articles** | 31,585 |
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| **Articles with Images** | 30,139 (95.4%) |
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| **Total Images** | 175,404 |
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| **Average Images per Article** | 5.5 |
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| **Image References in Text** | 3,253,705 |
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| **Image-Text Match Rate** | 100.00% |
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| **Total Dataset Size** | ~52 GB |
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---
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## Dataset Structure
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```
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stxbp1-pubmed-multimodal/
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βββ multimodal_data/ # Article JSONs with image references
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β βββ PMC10000387_multimodal.json
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β βββ PMC10002385_multimodal.json
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β βββ ... (31,585 files)
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βββ images/ # All figure images
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β βββ PMC10000387-Fig1.png
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β βββ PMC10000387-Fig2.png
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β βββ ... (175,404 files)
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βββ training_llava.json # LLaVA format training data
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βββ training_conversational.json # Chat format training data
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βββ training_simple.json # Simple text format
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βββ README.md
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```
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---
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## Data Formats
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### Multimodal JSON Structure
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Each article JSON contains:
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```json
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{
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"pmc_id": "PMC24456",
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"title": "Article title...",
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"abstract": "Abstract text...",
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"main_text": "Full text with <image>PMC24456-F1.png</image> inline references...",
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"images": [
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"PMC24456-F1.png",
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"PMC24456-F2.png"
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],
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"image_mapping": {
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"Figure 1": "PMC24456-F1.png",
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"Fig 1": "PMC24456-F1.png",
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"F1": "PMC24456-F1.png"
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},
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"metadata": {
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"authors": ["Author One", "Author Two"],
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"journal": "Journal Name",
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"doi": "10.xxxx/xxxxx",
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"pmid": "12345678",
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"publication_date": "2024 Jan 15",
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"stxbp1_count": 5,
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"munc18_count": 2
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}
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}
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```
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### Pre-formatted Training Files
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Ready-to-use training files are included:
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#### 1. LLaVA Format (`training_llava.json`)
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For vision-language models (LLaVA, BLIP-2, etc.)
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```json
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{
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"id": "PMC10000387",
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"image": ["PMC10000387-Fig1.png", "PMC10000387-Fig2.png"],
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"conversations": [
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{"from": "human", "value": "<image>\nWhat does this scientific article discuss?"},
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{"from": "gpt", "value": "Article title and full text..."}
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]
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}
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```
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#### 2. Conversational Format (`training_conversational.json`)
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For chat models (Llama, Mistral, etc.)
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```json
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{
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"conversations": [
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{"from": "human", "value": "Analyze this scientific article about Neurology."},
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{"from": "assistant", "value": "Article title and full text..."}
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]
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}
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```
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#### 3. Simple Format (`training_simple.json`)
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For base LLM training or embeddings
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```json
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{
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"text": "Article title and full text..."
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}
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```
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---
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## Usage Examples
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### Loading with Hugging Face Datasets
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```python
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from datasets import load_dataset
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# Load the full dataset
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dataset = load_dataset("SkyWhal3/stxbp1-pubmed-multimodal")
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```
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### Loading Images with Articles
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```python
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import json
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from PIL import Image
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from pathlib import Path
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# Load an article
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with open("multimodal_data/PMC24456_multimodal.json") as f:
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article = json.load(f)
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# Load associated images
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for img_name in article['images']:
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img_path = Path("images") / img_name
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if img_path.exists():
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img = Image.open(img_path)
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print(f"{img_name}: {img.size}")
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```
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### Filtering High-Relevance Articles
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```python
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import json
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from pathlib import Path
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# Find articles with 5+ STXBP1 mentions
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high_relevance = []
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for json_file in Path("multimodal_data").glob("*.json"):
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with open(json_file) as f:
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data = json.load(f)
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if data.get('metadata', {}).get('stxbp1_count', 0) >= 5:
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high_relevance.append(data)
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print(f"Found {len(high_relevance)} high-relevance articles")
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```
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### Fine-tuning LLaVA
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```python
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# The training_llava.json is ready to use with standard LLaVA fine-tuning
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# See: https://github.com/haotian-liu/LLaVA
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# Example training command:
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# python llava/train/train.py \
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# --data_path training_llava.json \
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# --image_folder images/ \
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# --model_name_or_path liuhaotian/llava-v1.5-7b \
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# ...
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```
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---
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## Search Terms Used
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This dataset was collected using comprehensive PMC full-text search:
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**STXBP Family Terms:**
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- `STXBP1`, `STXBP2`, `STXBP3`, `STXBP4`, `STXBP5`, `STXBP6`, `STXBP11`
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- `Munc18`, `Munc18-1`, `Munc-18`, `Munc 18`
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- `Munc18 syntaxin`, `syntaxin binding protein`
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**CRISPR/Gene Therapy Terms:**
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- `CRISPR Cas9`, `CRISPR-Cas9`, `CRISPR/Cas9`
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- `CRISPR Cas12`, `CRISPR-Cas12`, `CRISPR/Cas12`
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- `CRISPR Cas13`, `CRISPR-Cas13`
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| 246 |
+
- `base editing`, `prime editing`
|
| 247 |
+
|
| 248 |
+
**Combination Searches:**
|
| 249 |
+
- STXBP1/Munc18/syntaxin binding protein + CRISPR/gene therapy/AAV/antisense
|
| 250 |
+
|
| 251 |
+
---
|
| 252 |
+
|
| 253 |
+
## Data Quality
|
| 254 |
+
|
| 255 |
+
### Image-Text Alignment Audit
|
| 256 |
+
|
| 257 |
+
We performed comprehensive validation of image references:
|
| 258 |
+
|
| 259 |
+
| Check | Result |
|
| 260 |
+
|-------|--------|
|
| 261 |
+
| Total image references in text | 3,253,824 |
|
| 262 |
+
| Successfully matched to files | 3,253,705 |
|
| 263 |
+
| Unmatched references | 119 (removed) |
|
| 264 |
+
| **Match rate** | **99.996%** |
|
| 265 |
+
|
| 266 |
+
The 119 mismatched references (from 3 articles) were removed to ensure clean training data.
|
| 267 |
+
|
| 268 |
+
### Filtering Recommendations
|
| 269 |
+
|
| 270 |
+
| Filter | Description | Use Case |
|
| 271 |
+
|--------|-------------|----------|
|
| 272 |
+
| `stxbp1_count >= 1` | Mentions STXBP1 at least once | General STXBP1 research |
|
| 273 |
+
| `stxbp1_count >= 5` | Substantial STXBP1 discussion | Core STXBP1 papers |
|
| 274 |
+
| `munc18_count >= 1` | Uses Munc18 nomenclature | Older literature |
|
| 275 |
+
| `stxbp1_count == 0 AND munc18_count == 0` | No direct mentions | CRISPR methodology papers |
|
| 276 |
+
|
| 277 |
+
---
|
| 278 |
+
|
| 279 |
+
## Limitations
|
| 280 |
+
|
| 281 |
+
### What This Dataset Contains
|
| 282 |
+
- β
Full article text with inline image references
|
| 283 |
+
- β
175,000+ scientific figures (PNG format)
|
| 284 |
+
- β
Structured image-to-text mapping
|
| 285 |
+
- β
Pre-formatted training files (LLaVA, conversational, simple)
|
| 286 |
+
- β
Rich metadata (authors, DOIs, journals, dates)
|
| 287 |
+
- β
Relevance scoring (STXBP1/Munc18 mention counts)
|
| 288 |
+
|
| 289 |
+
### What This Dataset Does NOT Contain
|
| 290 |
+
- β **Supplementary data files** (Excel, raw data, etc.)
|
| 291 |
+
- β **Video content** (some articles may reference videos)
|
| 292 |
+
- β **Interactive figures** (3D viewers, etc.)
|
| 293 |
+
- β **Table structure** (tables are linearized text)
|
| 294 |
+
- β **LaTeX equations** (flattened to text)
|
| 295 |
+
|
| 296 |
+
### Image Considerations
|
| 297 |
+
- All images are PNG format (converted from original TIF/JPG/etc.)
|
| 298 |
+
- Some complex multi-panel figures may be single images
|
| 299 |
+
- Figure quality varies by source journal
|
| 300 |
+
- Inline `<image>` tags in text mark where figures appear
|
| 301 |
+
|
| 302 |
+
---
|
| 303 |
+
|
| 304 |
+
## Ethical Considerations
|
| 305 |
+
|
| 306 |
+
- All articles are from the **PMC Open Access Subset** under various open licenses
|
| 307 |
+
- This dataset is intended for **research and educational purposes**
|
| 308 |
+
- Users should cite original articles when using specific findings
|
| 309 |
+
- This dataset should not replace professional medical advice
|
| 310 |
+
- Patient data in case studies has been de-identified by original authors
|
| 311 |
+
|
| 312 |
+
---
|
| 313 |
+
|
| 314 |
+
## Citation
|
| 315 |
+
|
| 316 |
+
```bibtex
|
| 317 |
+
@dataset{stxbp1_pubmed_multimodal_2025,
|
| 318 |
+
title={STXBP1 PubMed Central Multimodal Dataset},
|
| 319 |
+
author={SkyWhal3},
|
| 320 |
+
year={2025},
|
| 321 |
+
publisher={Hugging Face},
|
| 322 |
+
url={https://huggingface.co/datasets/SkyWhal3/stxbp1-pubmed-multimodal},
|
| 323 |
+
note={31,585 articles with 175,404 scientific figures}
|
| 324 |
+
}
|
| 325 |
+
```
|
| 326 |
+
|
| 327 |
+
---
|
| 328 |
+
|
| 329 |
+
## Related Datasets
|
| 330 |
+
|
| 331 |
+
| Dataset | Description |
|
| 332 |
+
|---------|-------------|
|
| 333 |
+
| [SkyWhal3/stxbp1-pubmed-central-fulltext](https://huggingface.co/datasets/SkyWhal3/stxbp1-pubmed-central-fulltext) | Text-only version (1.3 GB) - faster to download |
|
| 334 |
+
|
| 335 |
+
---
|
| 336 |
+
|
| 337 |
+
## Acknowledgments
|
| 338 |
+
|
| 339 |
+
This dataset was curated by a parent advocate in the STXBP1 community to accelerate research into treatments and potential cures for STXBP1-related disorders.
|
| 340 |
+
|
| 341 |
+
Special thanks to:
|
| 342 |
+
- The researchers whose work is represented in this dataset
|
| 343 |
+
- PubMed Central for providing open access to scientific literature
|
| 344 |
+
- The STXBP1 Foundation and patient advocacy community
|
| 345 |
+
- ClaudeCode Opus 4.5
|
| 346 |
+
|
| 347 |
+
---
|
| 348 |
+
|
| 349 |
+
## Version History
|
| 350 |
+
|
| 351 |
+
| Version | Date | Changes |
|
| 352 |
+
|---------|------|---------|
|
| 353 |
+
| 1.0.0 | 2025-06 | Initial release with 31,585 articles and 175,404 images |
|
| 354 |
+
|
| 355 |
+
---
|
| 356 |
+
|
| 357 |
+
## Contact
|
| 358 |
+
|
| 359 |
+
For questions, corrections, or contributions, please open an issue on this repository.
|
| 360 |
+
|
| 361 |
+
---
|
| 362 |
+
|
| 363 |
+
*This dataset is dedicated to all children and families affected by STXBP1 Encephalopathy.*
|
| 364 |
+
|
| 365 |
+
*"The cure is in the data."*
|