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1.. Introduction
================
Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy (CCM) was first described by Kowalski and Abelmann in 1953. The estimated incidence rate is about 56% of patients waiting for orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) without a previous history of cardiac disease \[[@b1-ijms-15-08037]--[@b4-ijms-15-08037]\]. The... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
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1. Introduction {#sec1-jcm-09-01661}
===============
Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection \[[@B1-jcm-09-01661]\] that may culminate in organ failure and death. Despite continuous efforts to understand and improve outcomes of sepsis, it remains a commonly fa... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
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INTRODUCTION
============
Prompt detection of stimuli whose novelty or familiarity is unexpected in the current environment (i.e., contextual novelty) provides an evolutionary advantage, enabling adaptive behavior and flexible learning of the new information (Kakade and Dayan, [@b24]). The ability to discriminate pote... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1-plants-09-00675}
===============
Seed germination is a crucial process, characterized by a series of steps, normally occurring before radicle emergence from the seed coat \[[@B1-plants-09-00675],[@B2-plants-09-00675]\]. Radicle emergence percentage can deeply affect the production and the crop q... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Dear Editor-in-Chief
====================
Every year in the world there are 600,000 new cases of patients diagnosed with head and neck cancer ([@B1],[@B2]). In Poland head and neck cancer accounts for 4.5% of all cancer cases which in 2008 reached 6046 ([@B3]). The aim of study was to assess the quality of life in pat... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Polarized centriole positioning is important for properly oriented cell division, cilia positioning and cell migration. In mammals, planar polarized centriole postioning, as a part of the basal body of cilia, is necessary for proper directional beating of cilia at the apical surface within the node to establish left--r... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
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"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
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Background
==========
The notion \'hard to reach\' is a contested and ambiguous term \[[@B1]\] that is commonly used within the spheres of social care and health, especially in discourse around health and social inequalities.
Reducing inequalities in health and health provision is a key theme underpinning the NHS Pla... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
Adaptive phenotypic plasticity across a range of biological traits, from individual cell form and function to advanced learning, enables individuals to cope with fluctuating environments ([@bib64]; [@bib59]). This flexibility is well-recognised in the diploid life stage, where a complex... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Breast cancer is one of the most common female malignant tumors with high morbidity and mortality rate caused by its strong metastatic ability ([@b1-ol-0-0-6571],[@b2-ol-0-0-6571]). There are no consensus biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis assessment of breast cancer with applicatio... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
The prevalence of diabetes continues to escalate around the world, with an estimated 24 million people affected in the U.S. ([@B1]). Its prevalence has more than doubled in Tennessee the last decade from 5.0% in 1997 to 11.0% in 2007 ([@B2]), with estimated diabetes related mortality of 31 per 100,000 population ([@B2]... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
Natural enemies are important in controlling the population of insect pests in agricultural ecosystems \[[@CR1]--[@CR6]\]. The presence of natural enemies is detected through chemical cues emitted by prey and host plants, alone or in association, and received by the antennal sensory syste... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION
============
Psoriasis is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease that is not explained simply by Mendelian inheritance. Genetic factors play a role in psoriasis development, although the exact causal mechanism of psoriasis is still unknown.^[@r1]^
Psoriasis is seen in nearly 1-3% of the huma... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
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"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
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Related literature {#sec1}
==================
For the synthesis and properties of quinolone derivatives, see: Anderson & Osheroff (2001[@bb1]); Ball *et al.* (1998[@bb2]); Hong *et al.* (1997[@bb5]); Ray *et al.* (2005[@bb6]); Wang *et al.* (2008[@bb9]).
Experimental {#sec2}
============
{#sec2.1}
### Crystal data... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
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A CH Watson or Tony as he was commonly and affectionately called unobtrusively influenced the course of plastic surgery not only in his native Britain but also in India for over four decades. Born in 1936, he did his basic medical training in Edinburgh, Scotland,... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Related literature {#sec1}
====================
For the previous determination of the title compound at room temperature (Cambridge Structural Database refcode: JAMFEI), see: FitzRoy *et al.* (1989[@bb5]). For a description of the Cambridge Structural Database, see: Groom & Allen (2014[@bb6]). For previous studies i... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background
==========
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short (around 20-22 nucleotides) RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression by base-pairing with complementary sequences in the 3\' untranslated regions (UTRs) of protein-coding transcripts and directing translational repression or transcript degradation \[[@... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
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Dear Sir,
We read with interest the article "Repeat gas insufflation for successful closure of idiopathic macular hole following failed primary surgery" by Rishi *et al*.\[[@ref1]\] We describe two cases with failed primary macular hole (MH) surgery that closed following repeat fluid-gas exchange (FGE) and make some a... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background
==========
The *Drosophila*adult brain is a highly organized and complex structure that contains thousands of neurons (in the order of 10^5^) \[[@B1]\] exhibiting multiple cell-type identities, as characterized by various morphological, electrophysiological and molecular features. All these neurons arise fr... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1}
===============
Management of patients requiring mechanical ventilation is complex and poses a substantial patient safety risk for novice practitioners. Understanding the patient-ventilator interaction is essential to minimize the risk of iatrogenic barotrauma, ventilator-associated pneumonia (... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Neuroblastoma is a common extracranial solid tumor that derives from neural crest progenitor cells \[[@r1],[@r2]\]. Neuroblastoma mostly takes place in children younger than 1 year, and the average diagnosis time is about 17 months of age \[[@r3]\]. Neuroblastoma is characterized by a wide ra... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#sec1_1}
============
Signet-ring cell carcinoma (SRCC) is a rare adenocarcinoma of epithelial origin, accounting for less than 0.5% of all malignancies \[[@B1]\]. It predominantly affects the stomach, with approximately a fourth of gastric cancers attributed to SRCC. However, SRCC has been known to affe... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
Humans are very efficient at processing quantities. Assessing and evaluating the number of desirable or potentially dangerous entities---chunks of food, precious artifacts, or deadly animals---happens in fractions of seconds. Importantly, we are also able to share these rapid impression... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Hair cell function in the cochlea and the vestibular system is calcium (Ca^2+^)-dependent (Tanaka et al. [@CR39]; Ohmori [@CR27]; Kozel et al. [@CR18]) and requires the endolymphatic Ca^2+^ concentration (\[Ca^2+^\]~endolymph~) to be tightly controlled at a level that is unusually low... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
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"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
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1. Introduction {#sec1}
===============
Despite ongoing efforts to improve maternal and child health in developing countries, mortality rates remain much higher than in developed countries. Women in developing regions face a lifetime risk of maternal death of 1 in 160, as compared with 1 in 3700 for women living in de... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1-genes-11-00418}
===============
Lilies (*Lilium* spp.) have high commercial and ornamental value due to their various floral colors and coloration patterns. Anthocyanins are one of the major pigments affecting the coloration of the floral tepals in *Lilium* spp. \[[@B1-genes-11-00418],[@B2-genes... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction
===============
The use of artificial materials in medicine and biology has become very important, especially their application as substitutes for damaged tissues and organs, or as carriers for drug or gene delivery \[[@B1-materials-06-01632],[@B2-materials-06-01632],[@B3-materials-06-01632],[@B4-mater... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant cancer worldwide and the second leading cause of cancer death for male in China, especially in China's rural areas, and it is also considered as the sixth leading cause of cancer-related mortality for male in developed cou... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Glioblastomas (GBM) are the most aggressive tumors accounting for 45.6% of primary malignant brain tumors[@b1]. The standard therapy for GBM comprises surgery followed by radiation therapy with adjuvant chemotherapy[@b2][@b3][@b4]. Despite advances in multimodal therapies, the median survival of patients with GBM is ap... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#S1}
============
All organisms depend on ring- and spiral-shaped ATPase assemblies to carry out essential processes ranging from proteolysis and membrane trafficking, to signaling events and nucleic acid transactions. DNA replication onset in cells reflects one such process, employing ATP-dependent init... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Innate immunity is a ubiquitous system that widely protects organisms from infectious pathogens as a front-line host defense mechanism. The immune response is triggered by the recognition of broadly conserved microbial components, known as pathogen-associated molecular patterns, by ge... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Sir,
Central venous pressure (CVP) monitoring is a simple, relatively inexpensive method of assessing a patient's circulating blood volume, cardiac status and vasomotor tone. It is essential to be aware of the inherent fallacies and inadequacies of the information derived. Inaccurate measurements are often obtained by... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
The effectiveness of drug eluting stents for the prevention of restenosis after percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) relies on the potent effects of cell cycle inhibitors on vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation ([@B2]). Intimal hyperplasia, however, remains a significant clin... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#S0001}
==========
Female lower abdominal pain has long posed diagnostic difficulties for clinicians, especially when they have had little more than the history and physical examination to guide them. Even first-trimester pregnancy diagnoses were expensive and time consuming until disposable qualitative im... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Elevated blood glucose concentration is an important factor for mortality and morbidity in critically ill patients. Previously, a randomized controlled trial showed that a blood glucose level of about 6 mmol/l is associated with less multiorgan failure and a significantly higher survival rate... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1}
===============
Pluripotent stem cells are defined by their ability to undergo self-renewal and capability of differentiating into all three germ layers (mesoderm, endoderm, and ectoderm). Even though during development pluripotency is a temporary condition, ad hoc cultures can sustain indefini... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background
==========
The effectiveness of conservative treatment of scoliosis is controversial. Some studies suggest that brace is effective in stopping curve progression, whilst others did not report such an effect.
The purpose of the present study was to effectiveness of PASB in the correction of lumbar curves, in... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Published: March 17, 2020
Introduction {#sec1}
============
The rodent hippocampus coordinates a wide array of behaviors, from spatial navigation ([@bib34]) to decision making under approach-avoidance conflict ([@bib17], [@bib22]) and reward processing ([@bib17]). A central hypothesis of how the hippocampus might par... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
SpecificationsOrganism/cell line/tissue*Nicotiana tabacum*Sequencer or array typeIllumina HiSeq™ 2000-RNA sequencingData formatRaw and processedExperimental factors*Wo*^v^ transgenic and wild-type tobaccoExperimental featuresRNA-seq dataset for gene expression profiling in young primary leaf in *Wo*^v^ transgenic and w... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION {#s1}
============
Notch signaling is involved in various cellular processes, including cell fate specification, differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. Abnormal Notch signaling is oncogenic in several cancers, including hematologic malignancies \[[@R1]\]. Disregulated Notch signaling has also been... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Murray SR, Stock SJ, Cowan S, Cooper ES, Norman JE. Spontaneous preterm birth prevention in multiple pregnancy. The Obstetrician & Gynaecologist 2018;20;57--63. DOI: [10.1111/tog.12460](10.1111/tog.12460).
The copyright line for this article was changed on 10 May 2018 after original online publication.
Introduction {... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#sec1-1}
============
Dental caries is still a major concern in public health management.\[[@ref1]\] Establishment of a productive dental health philosophy, especially for the low socioeconomic levels of the society, where the lack of development endangers the dental health, even more, seems to be necess... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION {#sec1-1}
============
The development of whole slide imaging (WSI) has made it possible to capture images of an entire histological slide. While different hardware platforms support the image capture process, it is the development of user-friendly software interfaces that has enabled pathologists to begi... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
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