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\section{Introduction}
\newcommand{\zk}{\ensuremath{\mathfrak{k}}}
Let $a$ and $q$ be two positive coprime integers, $0<a<q$.
By the Euclidean algorithm, a rational $a/q$ can be uniquely represented as a regular continued fraction
\begin{equation}\label{exe}
\frac{a}{q}=[0;b_1,\dots,b_s]=
\cfrac{1}{b_1... | proofpile-arXiv_066-3411 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Pion assisted $N\Delta$ and $\Delta\Delta$ dibaryons}
\label{sec:int}
Nonstrange $s$-wave dibaryon resonances ${\cal D}_{IS}$ with isospin $I$
and spin $S$ were predicted by Dyson and Xuong in 1964~\cite{DX64} as early
as SU(6) symmetry proved successful, placing the nucleon $N(939)$ and its
$P_{33}$ $\p... | proofpile-arXiv_066-3461 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{INTRODUCTION}
Optical clocks, with natural linewidth at the millihertz level, have demonstrated great
improvements in stability and accuracy over the microwave frequency standards.
The research on optical atomic clocks have achieved remarkable progress in the past
several years especially in single-ion o... | proofpile-arXiv_066-3685 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Code Listings}
\input{appendix.tex}
\end{document}
\section{Conclusion}
We presented a \name{GrGen} solution for both tasks, constant folding as well as instruction selection, covering all test cases.
The solution employing pure graph rewriting is pretty concise for the constant folding task but admittedly... | proofpile-arXiv_066-3760 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
We live in the age of social computing. Social networks are everywhere, exponentially increasing in volume, and changing everything about our lives, the way we do business, and how we understand ourselves and the world around us. The challenges and opportunities residing in the social oriented... | proofpile-arXiv_066-3944 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section*{Introduction}
Let $H$ be a Hopf algebra with bijective antipode over the base field $\fie$, and let $(R^{\vee},R)$
together with a bilinear form $\langle \;,\;\rangle : R^{\vee} \ot R \to \fie$ be a dual pair of
Hopf algebras in the braided category $\ydH$ of left Yetter-Drinfeld modules over $H$
(see Defini... | proofpile-arXiv_066-3945 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction and statement of the problem \label{sec1}}
Granular gases are dilute systems made of inelastic particles that can be maintained in a fluidized state by the application of external drivings to
compensate for the dissipation of kinetic energy due to collisions. These systems are always out o... | proofpile-arXiv_066-3970 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
The transport of a polymer across a nanopore is vital to many biological processes, such as DNA and RNA translocation through nuclear pores, protein transport across membrane channels and virus injection~\cite{albertsbook}. Due to various potential technological applications such as rapid DNA se... | proofpile-arXiv_066-4059 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Recently the D0 collaboration has measured a deviation
from the standard model (SM) prediction in the CP violating like-sign dimuon
charge asymmetry in semileptonic $b$ hadron decay
with the 9 fb$^{-1}$ integrated luminosity of $p \bar{p}$ data
at Tevatron \cite{d0new}:
\begin{equation} \label{a... | proofpile-arXiv_066-4060 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\chapter*{Acknowledgments}
This project would not have been possible without the support of many people. Many thanks to my advisor, Anthony J. Leggett, who carefully and patiently read countless preliminary ideas which lead to the present one. Without his extraordinary physical intuition and formulation of the problem... | proofpile-arXiv_066-4344 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
The solar chromosphere exhibits three different classes of small scale intensity brightenings: flare-, plage-, and compact-brightenings. Although each is characterized by an enhanced temporal H$\alpha\ $ brightness relative to a background quiet Sun, they each have distinct physical processes gov... | proofpile-arXiv_066-4352 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Let $G$ be a simply connected, semisimple complex linear algebraic group, split over $\mathbb R$.
The Peterson variety $\mathcal Y$ may be viewed as the compactification of the stabilizer $X:=G^\vee_F$ of
a standard principal nilpotent $F$ in $(\mathfrak g^\vee)^*$ (with respect to the coadjoint... | proofpile-arXiv_066-4356 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
The discovery of neutrino masses \cite{Nakamura:2010zzi} motivates the introduction of right-handed neutrinos into the standard model and, by extension, into the minimal $N=1$ supersymmetric standard model (MSSM) \cite{MSSM1, MSSM2, MSSM3}. Remarkably, this right-handed neutrino extended MSSM ca... | proofpile-arXiv_066-4427 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
The properties and evolution of galaxies are known to be strongly linked to their external environment. Massive halos are found to play a key role in galaxy evolution. At low redshifts, it has been found that clusters of galaxies are mostly dominated by early-type galaxies comp... | proofpile-arXiv_066-4684 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Let $l$ be a prime number, and let $F$ be a number field. Let
$\sch{G}$ be a reductive algebraic group over $F$, and let $\sigma$ be
an automorphism of order $l$ of $\sch{G}$. D.Treumann and A.Venkatesh
constructed a functorial lift of a mod-$l$ automorphic form for
$\sch{G}^\sigma$ to a mod-$l$ ... | proofpile-arXiv_066-4742 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Authors of high performance applications rely on benchmark suites to detect and avoid
program regressions. However, many developers often run benchmarks and interpret their
results in an ad hoc manner with little statistical rigor. This ad hoc interpretation wastes
development ... | proofpile-arXiv_066-4813 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
\nocite{Pearce}
One of the most striking features of atmospheric vortices, such as tropical
cyclones, is that they often develop a so-called eye; a region of reversed
flow in and around the axis of the vortex. Much has been written about eye
formation, particularly in the context of tropical c... | proofpile-arXiv_066-4818 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
The currently being developed 5th generation mobile network (5G) has many ambitious goals, like 10Gbps peak data rates, 1ms latency and ultra-reliability. Another high priority is reducing energy consumption, especially to improve battery life of mobile and IoT devices. This goal is crucial for ... | proofpile-arXiv_066-4842 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
A generalisation of the concept of \emph{coset}, from groups to inverse semigroups, was proposed by Schein in \cite{Sch}.
There are three essential ingredients to this generalisation: firstly, cosets are only to be defined for an inverse subsemigroup $L$ of an
inverse semigroup $S$ that is \emph{... | proofpile-arXiv_066-5007 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Galaxy clusters are composite gravitationally bound systems hosting hundreds of galaxies and large quantities of hot X-ray emitting gas (intracluster medium, ICM). Very early work by \cite{1933AcHPh...6..110Z} on the dynamics of galaxies within clusters revealed that these systems host large qua... | proofpile-arXiv_066-5014 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section[Introduction]{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
In 1975 John W. \citeauthor{Tukey75}, in his work on mathematics and the picturing of data, proposed a novel way of data description, which evolved into a measure of multivariate centrality named \emph{data depth}. For a data sample, this statistical function deter... | proofpile-arXiv_066-5028 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Statistical and dynamical properties of polymers with nontrivial topology such as ring polymers have attracted much interest in several branches of physics, chemistry and biology. For instance, some fundamental properties of ring polymers in solution were studied many years ago；\cite{Kramers,Zi... | proofpile-arXiv_066-5111 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction and Main Results}
\subsection{Backgrounds and Motivations}
Throughout the paper,
for positive integers $k$ and $n$, two symbols $[n]$ and ${[n]\choose k}$
stand for the set $\{1,\ldots,n\}$ and the family of all $k$-subsets of $[n]$, respectively.
For a positive integer $s$,
a subset $A$ of $[n]... | proofpile-arXiv_066-5248 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Preliminaries}
In this section we recall some basic notation and results
concerning digraphs and their spectra.
A digraph $G=(V,E)$ consists of a (finite) set
$V=V(G)$ of vertices and a set $E=E(G)$ of arcs (directed edges) between vertices
of $G$. As the initial and final vertices of an arc are not necessari... | proofpile-arXiv_066-5277 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
\subsection{Pointwise ergodic families}
Let $\Gamma$ be a countable group with a probability-measure-preserving (pmp) action on a standard probability space $(X,\mu)$. Any probability measure $\zeta$ on $\Gamma$ determines an operator on $L^1(X,\mu)$ defined by
$$\pi_X(\zeta)(f):= \sum_{\gamma... | proofpile-arXiv_066-5534 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:introduction}
We consider a class of stochastic Nash games in which every player
solves a stochastic convex program parametrized by adversarial
strategies. Consider an $N$-person stochastic Nash game in which the
$i$th player solves the parametrized convex problem
\begin{equation}\labe... | proofpile-arXiv_066-5745 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
The Dissipative Particle Dynamics (DPD) simulation method~\cite{hoogerbrugge1992simulating, koelman1993dynamic} was originally developed to cover much longer length and time scales than in conventional atomistic Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations using a mesoscopic description of the simulated s... | proofpile-arXiv_066-5751 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
\indent Antonov in 1962 \cite{Antonov} discovered an instability that later became known as Antonov's instability or gravothermal catastrophe \cite{Bell-Wood}. It signified the beginning of the study of thermodynamics of self-gravitating systems \cite{Padman,Chavanis,Katz,Chavanis2} and the nowad... | proofpile-arXiv_066-5779 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\subsection{Supplementary Material}
\textbf{Comparing asymmetric and symmetric application of bias.} Using a QPC on a different device, we explore the effect of bias application on the phase response. Rather than using bias spectroscopy, we measure how the response changes as a function of frequency, dependent on the r... | proofpile-arXiv_066-6071 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Video surveillance for traffic control and security plays a significant role in current public transportation systems. The task of vehicle reID often undergoes intensive changes in appearance and background. Captured images in different datasets by different cameras is a primary cause of such var... | proofpile-arXiv_066-6249 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec.intro}
{Continual learning} (CL) learns a sequence of tasks $<$$1, 2, ..., k, ...$$>$ incrementally. Each task $k$ has its dataset $\mathcal{D}_k=\{(\boldsymbol{x}_k^i, y_k^i)_{i=1}^{n_k}\}$, where $\boldsymbol{x}_k^i \in \boldsymbol{X}$ is a data sample in task $k$ and $y_k^i \in \bol... | proofpile-arXiv_066-6433 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section*{Acknowledgments}
\begin{sloppypar}
The successful installation, commissioning, and operation of the Pierre
Auger Observatory would not have been possible without the strong
commitment and effort from the technical and administrative staff in
Malarg\"ue. We are very grateful to the following agencies and
orga... | proofpile-arXiv_066-6499 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:introduction}}
\else
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
\fi
\IEEEPARstart{T}{he} COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant disruption to daily life around the world. As of August 10, 2020, there have been $19.8$ million confirmed cases worldwide with more than $730$ thousan... | proofpile-arXiv_066-6549 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
The existence of (generalized) magnetic helicity constraints introduces a fundamental distinction between the Navier-Stokes fluid turbulence and the low-frequency Alfv\'enic turbulence realized in magnetized plasma systems. The resultant Alfv\'enic turbulence has been widely investigated within t... | proofpile-arXiv_066-6906 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
By the classical result of Mazur and Ulam \cite{MU}, every bijective isometry between Banach spaces is affine. This result essentially asserts that the metric structure of a Banach space determines its linear structure. In \cite{Man} Mankiewicz proved that every bijective isometry $f:B_X\to B... | proofpile-arXiv_066-7049 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Personal Memories with Professor Keiji Kikkawa and the
Kikkawa-Type Physics at Ochanomizu}
It is my great pleasure to contribute to the proceedings of the workshop
held at Osaka to celebrate the 60th birthday of Professor Keiji Kikkawa.
I am very much influenced by his physics, especially by his papers on 1)... | proofpile-arXiv_066-7245 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
In the recent years the interest in the Calogero--Moser type of models
\cite{OP}--\cite{R} is considerably revitalized. One of the directions of
this recent development was connected with the notion of the dynamical
$r$--matrices and their interpretation in terms of Hamiltonian reduction
\cit... | proofpile-arXiv_066-7305 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Quarkonium production has traditionally been calculated in the
color singlet model (CSM) \cite{SCH94}. Although the model successfully
describes the production rates for some quarkonium states,
it has become clear that it fails to provide a theoretically
and phenomenologically consistent pic... | proofpile-arXiv_066-7395 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Hydrodynamics is thought to play a key role in the formation of the visible
structures in the universe, such as bright galaxies and hot intracluster
gas. For this reason there is a great deal of interest in incorporating
hydrodynamical effects into cosmological structure formation simulations in... | proofpile-arXiv_066-7423 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
\null\indent
We consider vertex models in D dimensions. As is standard, the
bonds of the lattice
carry variables taking $q$ values (colors).
The model is determined by attributing Boltzmann weights to
the various possible bond configurations around a
vertex~\cite{LiWu72}.
These homogeneous ... | proofpile-arXiv_066-7573 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
The structure of parton multiplicity correlations within QCD jets
and in particular their self-similar properties
have been recently studied\cite{DD93,BMP,*ISMD92,OW93}. The main result is twofold~:
\begin{itemize}
\item The structure of a QCD jet is {\it multifractal}, in the sense that
the m... | proofpile-arXiv_066-7592 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Moduli spaces of stable maps}
\label{sec1}
\setcounter{equation}{0}
It was M. Gromov \cite{Gr} who first
suggested to construct (and constructed some) topological invariants of
a symplectic manifold $X$
as bordism classes of spaces of pseudo-holomorphic curves in $X$. Recently
M. Kontsevich \cite{Kn} suggeste... | proofpile-arXiv_066-7609 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section*{Introduction}
In this paper we develop the Kleinian construction of
hyperelliptic Abelian functions, which is a natural
generalization of the Weierstrass approach in the elliptic
functions theory to the case of a hyperelliptic curve of genus
$g>1$. Kleinian $ \zeta$ and $ \wp$--functions are defined as
... | proofpile-arXiv_066-7612 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
The measurement of the inclusive deep inelastic lepton-proton
scattering cross section has been of great importance for
the understanding of the substructure of the proton~\cite{JOEL}.
Experiments at HERA extend the previously
accessible kinematic range up to ve... | proofpile-arXiv_066-7649 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{#1}}
\def\baselineskip 24pt \lineskip 10pt{\baselineskip 24pt \lineskip 10pt}
\textheight 8.5in
\textwidth 6in
\oddsidemargin 0pt
\topmargin -30pt
\begin{document}
\begin{titlepage}
\rightline{To Appear: {\em Class. Quantum Grav.}}
\vspace{1in}
\begin{center}
\Large
{\bf Symmetric vacuum scalar--tensor c... | proofpile-arXiv_066-7753 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
proofpile-arXiv_066-7758 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} | |
\section{Introduction}
The standard model of electroweak interactions predicts the existence of a
phase transition to a high temperature symmetric phase \cite{Lin72}.
The knowledge of fluctuation spectra in the high temperature phase is
essential for understanding its physics.
In the high temperature phase the therm... | proofpile-arXiv_066-7771 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
The first multimessenger observation of a binary neutron star (BNS) merger in 2017, combining gravitational waves (GWs) with a variety of electromagnetic (EM) signals across the entire spectrum, marked a major milestone in the investigation of these extraordinary astrophysical even... | proofpile-arXiv_066-8021 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Cosmic Rays have been known and studied for more than a century now (see e.g. \cite{Amato14,Blasi13} for recent reviews). They are highly energetic charged particles, mainly protons and He nuclei, with a minor fraction of heavier nuclei (1\%), electrons (2\%) and anti-matter par... | proofpile-arXiv_066-8076 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
The ability to render 3D scenes from arbitrary viewpoints can be seen as a big step in the evolution of digital multimedia, and has applications such as mixed reality media, graphic effects, design, and simulations. Often such renderings are based on a number of high resolution images of some ori... | proofpile-arXiv_066-8092 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section*{Introduction}
Generative music is a subfield of computational musicology in which the focus lies on the
automatic creation of musical material. This creation is based on algorithms accepting
inputs to influence the result obtained, and having a randomized behavior in the sense that
two executions of the algo... | proofpile-arXiv_066-8126 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
\noindent The idea that the Higgs may arise as a composite pseudo Nambu-Goldstone boson (pNGB) from a new strongly-interacting sector provides one of the best-motivated solutions to the naturalness problem of the weak scale~\cite{Panico:2015jxa,Bellazzini:2014yua}. The minimal realistic model \ci... | proofpile-arXiv_066-8293 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\subsection{Methods}
| proofpile-arXiv_066-8375 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Designing and mounting a sensor setup for a research vehicle requires much time and engineering effort.
Furthermore, the amount of data needed for highly automated driving is soaring, and the acquisition and annotation of sensor data are expensive and time-consuming, yielding a limited collect... | proofpile-arXiv_066-8460 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section*{Acknowledgements}
\noindent
We express our gratitude to our colleagues in the CERN
accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC. We
thank the technical and administrative staff at the LHCb
institutes.
We acknowledge support from CERN and from the national agencies:
CAPES, CNPq, FAPERJ ... | proofpile-arXiv_066-8589 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
The problem of completing a low rank matrix by sampling only a few of its entries is a well studied problem which finds its application in variety of areas a few of which include Euclidean distance matrix completion \cite{localizationedm}, environmental monitoring using sensors \cite{environmenta... | proofpile-arXiv_066-8613 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Despite of the amazing success of the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics,
new physics (NP) beyond the SM is ineluctable because compelling evidence showing that at least two active neutrinos are massive\cite{Zyla:2020zbs}.
In addition to the nonzero neutrino masses, several recent exp... | proofpile-arXiv_066-8620 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction}
The availability of unused frequency resources at millimeter-wave (mmWave) frequencies and the ever-increasing demand for higher data rates make mmWave MIMO systems a natural choice for the next generation wireless communications~\cite{rappaport2013millimeter,ghosh2014mil... | proofpile-arXiv_066-8840 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Panel data, represented as $X\in \mathbb{R}^{N\times T\times d}$ and $Y\in \mathbb{R}^{N\times T}$ where $N$ is the number of entities/individuals, $T$ is the number of time periods and $d$ is the number of features is widely used in statistics and applied machine learning.
Suc... | proofpile-arXiv_066-8859 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Motor imagery(MI) is known to be the subconscious
link that instigates the interaction between our brain
and our bodies movements. Physical acts are
triggered with intentional and unintentional
thoughts such as pouring a cup of tea (intentional)
or defending against an opponent’s strike, relying ... | proofpile-arXiv_066-8951 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
In model-based RL, a learning agent interacts with its environment to build an increasingly more accurate estimate of the underlying dynamics and rewards, and uses the estimate to progressively improve its policy. This paradigm is attractive as it is amenable to sample-efficien... | proofpile-arXiv_066-9001 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Online reinforcement learning~\cite{NIPS2017_36e729ec} mainly focus on the problem of learning and planning in sequential decision making systems in real time when the interacting environment is partially observed or fully observed. Normally, we could use Markov Decision Process(MDP) to represent... | proofpile-arXiv_066-9252 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
As usual, we will say that $K\subset {\mathbb R}^d$ is a convex body if $K$ is a convex, compact subset of ${\mathbb R}^d$ equal to the closure of its interior. We say that $K$ is origin-symmetric if $K=-K$, where $\lambda K=\{\lambda {\boldsymbol x}: {\boldsymbol x} \in K\},$ for $\lambda \in ... | proofpile-arXiv_066-9423 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
The Marchenko-Pastur (MP) theorem \cite{MP} is one of the key results in the random matrix theory. It states that, with probability one, the empirical spectral distribution of a {\it sample covariance matrix}
\begin{equation}
\label{e8}
\wh \Sigma_n=\frac{1}{n}\sum_{k=1}^n \x_{pk}\x_{pk}^\top... | proofpile-arXiv_066-9429 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Throughout this paper, $\mathbb{N}$ is the set of positive integers, $m,n,r,\lambda\in \mathbb{N}$, and $[n]:=\{1,\dots,n\}$. In a mathematics workshop with $mn$ mathematicians from $n$ different areas, each area consisting of $m$ mathematicians, we want to create a collaboration network. For t... | proofpile-arXiv_066-9611 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
The numerical value of the Fermi constant $G_F$ is conventionally defined via the muon lifetime within the SM. Even though this measurement is extremely precise~\cite{Webber:2010zf,Tishchenko:2012ie,Gorringe:2015cma}
\begin{equation}
\label{Mulan}
G_F^\mu=1.1663787(6) \times 10^{-5} \,\text{GeV... | proofpile-arXiv_066-9635 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Modern Penning-trap experiments based on the continuous Stern-Gerlach effect provide very precise
measurements of the Zeeman splitting of energy levels in one- and few-electron ions
\cite{sturm:11,koehler:16,arapoglou:19}. The linear Zeeman splitting is usually parameterized in
terms of t... | proofpile-arXiv_066-9849 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction}
Numerical simulations of physical systems have been used for decades (for a review of numerical
methods in statistical physics, see Refs. \cite{landau} and \cite{newman}). In recent
years, however, this method has received a renewed interest, due to the increase
in co... | proofpile-arXiv_066-10288 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Exchanging data objects with untrusted code is a delicate matter because
of the risk of creating a data space that is accessible by an attacker.
Consequently, secure programming guidelines for Java such as those proposed by
Sun \cite{SunGuidelines:2010} and CERT \cite{CertGuidelines:2010} stres... | proofpile-arXiv_066-10417 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
Let $X$ be a complex projective $K3$ surface and let $T\colon X\to X$ be an automorphism with positive topological entropy $h>0$.
Thanks to a foundational results of Cantat \cite{Cantat}, there are closed positive currents $\eta_{\pm}$ which satisfy
\begin{equation... | proofpile-arXiv_066-10549 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Named Entity Recognition (NER) predicts which word tokens refer to location, people, organization, time, and other entities from a word sequence. Deep neural network models have successfully achieved the state-of-the-art performance in NER tasks \cite{cohenmulti, chiu2016named, lample2016neural, ... | proofpile-arXiv_066-10654 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
Deep neural networks trained with backpropagation have commonly attained superhuman performance in applications of computer vision \cite{krizhevsky2012imagenet} and many others \cite{schmidhuber2015deep} and are thus receiving an unprecedented research interest. Despite t... | proofpile-arXiv_066-10760 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
The hierarchy problem and the dark matter are two main motivations for new physics near the electroweak (EW) scale. In the standard model (SM), the Higgs field receives large quadratically divergent contributions to its potential from the interactions with SM particles,... | proofpile-arXiv_066-10870 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Let $X_0: M^n\to \mathbb{H}^{n+1}$ be a smooth embedding such that $M_0=X_0(M)$ is a closed smooth hypersurface in the hyperbolic space $\mathbb{H}^{n+1}$. We consider a smooth family of immersions $X:M^n\times [0,T)\rightarrow \mathbb{H}^{n+1}$ satisfying
\begin{equation}\label{flow-VMCF-0}
\le... | proofpile-arXiv_066-10930 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
The study of {\it secant varieties} and {\it tangential varieties} is very classical in Algebraic Geometry and goes back to the school of the XIX century. In the last decades, these topics received renewed attention because of their \Alessandro{connections} with more applied sciences \Alessandr... | proofpile-arXiv_066-10942 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Let $\mathbb{D}$ be the unit disk of the complex plane $\mathbb{C}$. The present paper is concerned with the study of a class of Hilbert spaces of analytic functions on which the backward shift operator acts as a contraction. More precisely, let $\mathcal{H}$ be a Hilbert space of analytic functi... | proofpile-arXiv_066-10951 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Remote processing of neural networks in the cloud is not without risk. Traditional encryption techniques can protect the data while sending it to the cloud but the unencrypted data is needed by the computation node to evaluate the neural network. The operator of the computing node can not necessa... | proofpile-arXiv_066-10969 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
How will a patient's health be affected by taking a medication \citep{Criado-Perez2020invisible}?
How will a user's question be answered by a search recommendation \citep{noble2018algorithms}?
We can gain insight into these questions by learning about personalized treatment ef... | proofpile-arXiv_066-11026 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:introduction}}
\IEEEPARstart{I}{t} has been shown that image classification can be performed directly from the discrete cosine transformations used in the standard JPEG compression format, that this procedure is more computationally efficient and maintains performance comparable to st... | proofpile-arXiv_066-11053 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction and Motivation} \label{sec: intro}
The study of categories of modules and bimodules over unital associative rings or algebras is one of the most developed subjects of modern algebra and its inception might be traced back to the work of R.Dedekind, E.Noether and B.L.van den Waerden, among many oth... | proofpile-arXiv_066-11056 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
The complex Langevin method (CL), first proposed by Parisi~\cite{Parisi:1980ys} has been successfully adapted and used in various models and approximations of QCD, for instance, the heavy-dense limit of QCD~\cite{Aarts:2016qrv}. Early results have been obtained for QCD with very heavy quarks~\ci... | proofpile-arXiv_066-11077 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
The problem of resolving two point sources has been intensively studied as model problem for optical system resolution characterisation for more then a century. For a long time only visual observation of the light coming from the sources was available, thus resolving criteria were based on visua... | proofpile-arXiv_066-11092 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Let $F_N=F(A)$ be a free group of finite rank $N\ge 2$, with a fixed free basis $A=\{a_1,\dots, a_N\}$. The \emph{automorphism problem} for $F_N$ asks, given two freely reduced words $w,w'\in F_N=F(A)$, whether there there exists $\varphi\in\mbox{Aut}(F_N)$ such that $w'=\varphi(w)$, that is, wh... | proofpile-arXiv_066-11283 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Learning hyperbolic representation of entities have gained recent interest in the machine learning community \cite{bronstein17a,muscoloni17a,nickel17a,sala18a,gu19a}. In particular, hyperbolic embeddings have been shown to be well-suited for various natural language processing problems \cite{nick... | proofpile-arXiv_066-11378 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction and main results}
\label{sect-introduction} \setcounter{equation}{0}
If you think about a linear diffusion equation, probably the first one that will come to your mind is the classical heat equation
\begin{equation} \label{heat.equation}
u_t = \Delta u.
\end{equation}
This equation is naturally ... | proofpile-arXiv_066-11403 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
This paper continues the project from \cite{pushforward,cut,lgdual} of making the theory of affine B-twisted topological Landau-Ginzburg models \emph{constructive}, in the sense of deriving formulas and algorithms which compute the fundamental categorical structures from coefficients of the pote... | proofpile-arXiv_066-11448 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction} \label{intro}
High Performance Computing (HPC) is increasingly relying on more heterogeneity, e.g., by combining Central Processing Units (CPUs) with accelerators in the form of Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) programmed with languages such as OpenCL~\cite{khronosopenclworkinggroup2015opencl} o... | proofpile-arXiv_066-11732 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
In many (if not most) countries/regions, the prehospital resources available, e.g.~ambulances, are scarce, and this clearly affects the availability and general quality of the prehospital service in question. For example, a small decrease in the median response time, which could be the effect of ... | proofpile-arXiv_066-11828 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{INTRODUCTION}
\label{intro}
In recent times the virtual element method has been successfully applied to a
variety of problems\cite{da2013virtual,brezzi2013virtual}. The basic principle of virtual
element method has been discussed in \cite{de2014nonconforming,beirao2013basic}. A mimetic
discretization method... | proofpile-arXiv_066-12036 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
\noindent
So-called NOON states are an important resource in optical quantum information science \cite{Sanders,Downling1, Mitchell, Walther}.
They are bipartite entangled, $N$-photon two-mode states where the $N$ photons occupy either one of two optical modes, $\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}(|N0\rangle+|0N\... | proofpile-arXiv_066-12153 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
\large
\noindent Generally used techniques for multivariate approximation were polynomial interpolation and piece-wise polynomial splines till 1971, Rolland Hardy proposed a new method using a variable kernel for each interpolation point, assembled as a function, depending only on the radial dist... | proofpile-arXiv_066-12163 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section*{\refname}}
\begin{document}
\title{Terahertz Nonlinearity in Graphene Plasmons}
\author{Mohammad M. Jadidi}
\email{mmjadidi@umd.edu}
\affiliation{Institute for Research in Electronics \& Applied Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA}
\author{Jacob C. K\"onig-Otto}
\email{j.koenig-ot... | proofpile-arXiv_066-12180 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Nonparametric estimation under shape constraints is currently a very active research area in statistics.
A frequently encountered problem in this field is the estimation of the hazard rate, which, in survival analysis, is defined as the probability that an individual will experience an event wit... | proofpile-arXiv_066-12220 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
The aim of this paper is to establish a connection between the
topology of the automorphism group of a symplectic manifold
$(M,\o)$ and the quantum product on its homology. More precisely,
we assume that $M$ is closed and connected, and consider the group $\mathrm{Ham}(M,\o)$
of Hamiltonian auto... | proofpile-arXiv_066-12292 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{COMPOSITE SYSTEMS: FROM MOLECULES TO QUARKS}
The first sign that there is an underlying structure at some level
of matter is the existence of an excitation spectrum. Thus molecules
exhibit a spectrum due to the quantised motions of their constituent atoms.
In turn atomic spectra are due to their electrons, th... | proofpile-arXiv_066-12472 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
The inclusive production of heavy-flavor quark-antiquark ($Q\bar Q$) pairs
in high-energy hadron-hadron collisions is one of the standard
applications of perturbative QCD.
Calculations, available in next to leading order
in the strong coupling constant $\alpha_s$,
agree reasonably well with exp... | proofpile-arXiv_066-12638 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
\setcounter{equation}{0}
\setcounter{subsection}{0}
Scalar integrable hierarchies can be introduced in terms of
(pseudo)differential operators by means of a formalism first
introduced by Gelfand and Dickey (see \cite{Dickey}). This is the
most `disembodied'
form in which such hierarchies can ... | proofpile-arXiv_066-12669 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section*{Abstract}
\else \small
\begin{center}
{\bf ABSTRACT}
\end{center}
\quotation
\fi}
\newif\iffn\fnfalse
\@ifundefined{reset@font}{\let\reset@font\empty}{}
\long\def\@footnotetext#1{\insert\footins{\reset@font\footnotesize
\interlinepenalty\interfootnotelinepenalty
\splittopskip\footnotesep
\split... | proofpile-arXiv_066-12782 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\part{This is a Part}
\chapterauthor{Jeremy Kepner$^{1}$, Kenjiro Cho$^{2}$, KC Claffy$^{3}$, Vijay Gadepally$^{1}$, Sarah McGuire$^{1}$, Lauren Milechin$^{4}$, William Arcand$^{1}$, David Bestor$^{1}$, William Bergeron$^{1}$, Chansup Byun$^{1}$, Matthew Hubbell$^{1}$, Michael Houle$^{1}$, Michael Jones$^{1}$, Andrew P... | proofpile-arXiv_066-12927 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
The era of gravitational wave (GW) astronomy has begun with the first detection of a binary black hole (BBH) merger in 2015 \citep{2016PhRvL.116f1102A}. There have been $\sim90$ BBH systems discovered with $\sim3$ years observation in the LIGO/Virgo O1/O2/O3 runs (GWTC-1\&2 catalogues: \cite{2019... | proofpile-arXiv_066-12960 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |