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\section{\label{sec:intro}Introduction}
Recently, the 4d/5d honeycomb layered materials have been vigorously studied due to their potential in realizing a quantum spin-liquid (QSL) ground state~\cite{PRL_Jackeli_Mott, PRL_Singh_A2IrO3, Nature_takagi_concept_2019, PRB_Plumb_RCL, PRB_Williams_Incommensurate, nano_wang_r... | proofpile-arXiv_066-13015 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction} \label{intro:sec}
Solar prominences \citep[also called filaments; e.g.][]{Tan95} are highly complex magnetic structures that extend from the photosphere up into the corona, where they support material that is much denser ($n\sim 10^{10-12}$ cm$^{-3}$) and cooler ($T\sim$ 1$\times$10$^4$ K) than ... | proofpile-arXiv_066-13111 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
\begin{table*}
\caption{Observation log of XMM{\it-Newton}\xspace and {\it Chandra}\xspace data used for our spectral modelling of 4U~1820-30\xspace.}
\label{tab:observations}
\centering
\begin{tabular}{ c c c c c c c }
\hline\hline
\noalign{\vskip 0.75mm}
Dataset & Obs... | proofpile-arXiv_067-22 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Appendix}
Here we describe the open-domain datasets we use and also list out the hyperparameter values for all of our experiments.
\subsection{Open-Domain Datasets}
We use SQuAD1.1 to train the synthetic example generator.
SQuAD2.0 and Natural Questions are used to fine-tune the machine reading comprehensi... | proofpile-arXiv_067-54 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Summary of Contributions}
\label{sec:features}
Brax trains locomotion and dexterous manipulation policies in seconds to minutes using just one modern accelerator. Brax achieves this by making extensive use of auto-vectorization, device-parallelism, just-in-time compilation, and auto-differentiation primitive... | proofpile-arXiv_067-160 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec_intro}
This is part of a series of papers \cite{KMX1,KMX2,kmx_approximation_low_p,kmx_rumin} on geometric mapping theory in Carnot groups, in which we establish regularity, rigidity, and partial rigidity results for bilipschitz, quasiconformal, or more generally, Sobolev mappings, bet... | proofpile-arXiv_067-351 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
In the mid 1970-ies, several years after the appearance of the singularity theorems
of Penrose and Hawking (see e.g.\ \cite[Ch.\ 8]{HawEll73}), D.\ Gannon \cite{Gan75,Gan76} and C.W.\ Lee \cite{Lee76} independently derived a body of results that relate the singularities of a Lorentzian mani... | proofpile-arXiv_067-542 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introdução}
Dos teoremas clássicos da análise matemática, o \textit{teorema do valor médio} se destaca por sua simplicidade e vasta aplicabilidade. É, sem dúvida, um dos resultados mais conhecidos pela comunidade matemática, e, sem favor algum, um dos tijolos que constituem os alicerces do Cálculo e da Análi... | proofpile-arXiv_067-545 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
The desire for mobility is a driving force in progressing technology, with \textit{autonomous driving} (AD) clearly being the next major step in automotive technology along with electromobility.
An AD vehicle is a highly complex system with several sensors and subcomponents, one of them being... | proofpile-arXiv_067-568 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
The idea of percolation was first conceived by Flory in 1941 in the context of gelation transition \cite{ref.Flory}. However, percolation as a mathematical model
was first formulated by Broadbent and Hammersley in 1957 to understand the motion of gas molecules through the maze of pores ... | proofpile-arXiv_067-884 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Synchronization among populations of the same species is a widely observed collective phenomenon in the studies of ecological networks \cite{blasius1999complex,HoHa08}. Synchrony in the dynamics of populations creates interdependence in their abundance, and simultaneous low abundance can lead to... | proofpile-arXiv_067-971 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
The study of directed polymers in random environments has witnessed important progress in recent years. A common feature of the models is an interaction between a reference path measure, which is typically given by a random walk or a Brownian motion, and a background random environment. The... | proofpile-arXiv_067-1092 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Live commenting is an emerging feature of online video sites that allows real-time comments to fly across the screen or roll at the right side of the videos, so that viewers can see comments and videos at the same time.
Automatic live commenting aims to provide some additional opinions of videos ... | proofpile-arXiv_067-1206 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
It is quite evident that the
universe has undergone a smooth transition from a decelerated phase to its present
accelerated phase of expansion \cite{Perlmutter}-\cite{Reiss}. Discovering the source
of cosmic acceleration is one of the biggest challenges of modern cosmology. This remarkable discov... | proofpile-arXiv_067-1233 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{\setcounter{equation}{0}\oldsection}
\renewcommand\thesection{\arabic{section}}
\renewcommand\theequation{\thesection.\arabic{equation}}
\allowdisplaybreaks
\def\pf{\it{Proof.}\rm\quad}
\newcommand\divg{{\text{div}}}
\newtheorem{defn}{Definition}[section]
\newtheorem{thm}{Theorem}[section]
\newtheore... | proofpile-arXiv_067-1317 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
This paper studies extended irreducible Goppa codes. Our interest in Goppa codes stems from the fact they are of practical value as they form the backbone of the McEliece cryptosystem. In the McEliece cryptosystem, one chooses a random Goppa code as a key hence it is important that we know the ... | proofpile-arXiv_067-1387 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Two of the major open questions in star formation research are: what is the dominant mechanism regulating the efficiency and rate of star formation and on what scale does this mechanism operate. Increases in the average efficiency and rate of star formation are observed over large systems, i.e. ... | proofpile-arXiv_067-1410 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
For reasons of convenience, most models of dust evolution and planetesimal formation in protoplanetary disks are computed against the backdrop of a simple stationary-state model for the gaseous disk \citep[see~e.g.,][]{1980Icar...44..172W, 1996A&A...309..301S, 1997A&A...319.1007S, 2008A&A...480... | proofpile-arXiv_067-1493 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
In the \emph{nucleated instability\/} (also called core
instability) hypothesis of giant planet
formation, a critical mass for static core envelope
protoplanets has been found. Mizuno (\cite{mizuno}) determined
the critical mass of the core to be about $12 \,M_\oplus$
($M_\opl... | proofpile-arXiv_067-1650 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Among the exceptional properties exhibited by the 2D materials, one can cite the strong interaction with light in comparison with their bulk counterparts \cite{Maier2013,Xia2014,Mak2016,Yakobson2018}. For example, graphene presents a constant and universal absorbance of $2.3\%$ across the whole ... | proofpile-arXiv_067-1793 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section*{Acknowledgements}
We would like to thank C.G.~Boyd, D.E.~Brahm, A.~Brignole, W. Buchm\"uller,
J.M.~Cornwall, K.~Farakos, V.~Jain, C.~Kounnas and M.E.~Shaposhnikov for useful
discussions and suggestions.
\newpage
\section*{References}
\begin{enumerate}
\item
\label{kl1}
D.A.~Kirzhnits and A.D.~Linde, Phys. L... | proofpile-arXiv_067-1895 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\subsection*{Figure Captions}
\begin{enumerate}
\item The total branching ratio of the new events
in Eq. (14) as a function of $m_{Z'}$ for
$m_{H_2} = 55$ GeV (dashed), 59.7 GeV (solid) and 65 GeV (dash-dotted).
\end{enumerate}
\newpage
| proofpile-arXiv_067-1968 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:introduction}
In the (oblivious) online vector discrepancy problem an adversary fixes vectors $\{v_i\}_{i\in [t]}$ in advance and the objective is to assign signs $\epsilon_i\in \{-1,1\}$ based only on vectors $v_1,\ldots,v_i$ to maintain that $\snorm{\sum_{i\le t'} \epsilon_iv_i}_\inft... | proofpile-arXiv_067-2037 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\subsection{Code}
We coded the MHAR using python and the Pytorch library. This allowed us to use a high level language and avoid any manual thread control. During all of our experiments, we never experienced any problems due to numerical instability. The maximum error we found for the inversion matrix was of the order ... | proofpile-arXiv_067-2055 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec1}
A general string or M-theory background may carry non-vanishing vacuum
expectation values for some of its NS--NS or RR field strengths,
commonly known as background fluxes which are widely used in all
modern attempts to relate string theory to low-energy phenomenology
\cite{Grana:20... | proofpile-arXiv_067-2222 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Higher Whitehead products are important invariants of unstable homotopy type. They have been studied since the 1960s in the works of homotopy theorists such as Hardie~\cite{hard61}, Porter~\cite{port65} and Williams~\cite{will72}.
The appearance of moment-angle complexes and, more generally, pol... | proofpile-arXiv_067-2320 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{INTRODUCTION}
A text is not just a sequence of words, but it has
coherent structure. The meaning of each word can
not be determined until it is placed in the
structure of the text. Recognizing the structure of
text is an essential task in text understanding,
especially in resolving anaphora and ellipsis.
O... | proofpile-arXiv_067-2564 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{HIGH ENERGY SCATTERING IN THE REGGE LIMIT}
Customary lattice methods are considered suitable for
the description of the static, or low energy, nonperturbative
properties of hadrons. Even though some progress has been made
in studying the scattering length, form factors and the deep inelastic
structure functio... | proofpile-arXiv_067-2632 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction.}
In this paper we study algebraic super curves with a view towards
applications
to super Kadomtsev-Petviashvili hierarchies (SKP). We deal from the
start with
super curves $X$ over a nonreduced ground ring $\Lambda$, i.e., our
curves
carry global nilpotent constants. This has as an advantage, com... | proofpile-arXiv_067-2697 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY}
In the last four years there has been much activity in
trying to obtain information
about the structure
of soft Supersymmetry (SUSY)-breaking
terms in effective $N=1$ theories coming from
four-dimensional (4-D) Strings \cite{review}.
The basic idea is to identify some $N=1$ chiral
... | proofpile-arXiv_067-2925 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section*{References}}
\newcommand{\bild}[2]{{\psfig{figure=#1,#2}}\label{#1}}
\newcommand{\bildh}[3]{{\psfig{figure=#1,height=#2,#3}}\label{#1}}
\begin{document}
\thesaurus{01(03.20.4; 08.09.2 Eta Carinae; 08.03.4; 08.09.1)}
\title{Speckle-masking imaging polarimetry of $\eta$ Carinae:
evidence for an equatorial di... | proofpile-arXiv_067-2947 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
The balance equation transport theory of Lei and
Ting\cite{leiting,leihoring} was originally developed to treat high-field
electrical condition in homogeneous semiconductors, and has achieved much
success in hot-electron semiconductor transport problems. This theory is
based on a separation of t... | proofpile-arXiv_067-3000 | {
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} |
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... | proofpile-arXiv_067-3002 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
A {\em double quantum group} is a Hopf algebra of the form
$A
\Join A$ where $A$ is a braided Hopf algebra and $A\Join A$
denotes the generalized Drinfeld double constructed using the
pairing defined by the braiding. This construction originated
independently in Podles and Woronowicz's cons... | proofpile-arXiv_067-3075 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Proof of Lemma~\ref{Lem_usr_detect}}
\label{Sec_Lem_detct_proof}
First let us consider the case of bounded $\ell_n$.
In this case, one can employ a scheme where each user gets an exclusive channel use to convey whether it is active or not. For such a scheme, it is easy to show that (see the proof of Lemma~\re... | proofpile-arXiv_067-3248 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
The motivation of this work comes from the hedging problem in the presence of basis risk.
When a derivative product is based on a non traded or illiquid underlying,
the specification of a hedging strategy becomes problematic.
In practice one frequent methodology consists
in constituting... | proofpile-arXiv_067-3943 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Lattice action and operators}\label{app:A}
The gluons are discretized with the Wilson plaquette
action, while the doublet of mass-degenerate quarks
with the O$(a)$-improved Wilson action\footnote{The correction
proportional to $b_{\rm g}$ is
neglected.}~\cite{Sheikholeslami:1985ij,Luscher:1996sc}
with its... | proofpile-arXiv_067-4063 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Informational bias broadly exists in news articles. As a sort of framing bias, it always frames a certain entity by specific aspects using narrow, speculative or indicative information to guide a particular interpretation, thus swaying readers' opinion.
For most of us, news articles are the ma... | proofpile-arXiv_067-4245 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Magnetic B-type stars exhibiting strong emission \citep[e.g. $\sigma$ Ori E, HD 142184,
HD 182180,][]{Landstreet1978,Grunhut2012b,Rivinius2013} serve as important testbeds
for understanding how stellar winds interact with magnetic fields. Models such
as the Rigidly Rotating Magnetosphere (RRM... | proofpile-arXiv_067-4365 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Bitcoin is a digital currency alternative to the legal ones, as any other crypto currency.
Nowadays, Bitcoin is the most popular cryptocurrency.
It was created by a cryptologist known as "Satoshi Nakamoto", whose real identity is still unknown \cite{Satoshi}.
Like other cryptocurrencies, Bi... | proofpile-arXiv_067-4401 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
The discovery of neutrino oscillations has proven that neutrinos have a non-zero mass~\cite{pdg}. Yet, the absolute neutrino mass scale is still unknown since oscillation experiments are only sensitive to the squared mass differences of the three neutrino mass eigenstates $m_{\nu_i}$. The knowl... | proofpile-arXiv_067-4491 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
The search for leptonic CP violation constitutes one of the major
challenges in particle physics today~\cite{Branco:2011zb}.
Although CP violation studies are interesting in their own right, they
may also shed light upon the general CP symmetries of the neutrino
mass matrices in a rather ... | proofpile-arXiv_067-4511 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Exploration of the proper form and the physical meaning of momentum in
curvilinear coordinates attracts constant attention since the birth of quantum
mechanics. \cite{bp,RH,1968,LNF,DC,1989,2002,dong,GK,homma,ikegami,OK,liu2015}
In this paper, we show that canonical momenta $P_{\xi}$ associ... | proofpile-arXiv_067-4529 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
\noindent The 2016 Audio-Visual Emotion Challenge and Workshop (AVEC 2016) will be the sixth competition event aimed at comparison of multimedia
processing and machine learning methods for automatic audio, video, and physiological analysis of emotion and depression, with all participants competi... | proofpile-arXiv_067-4575 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
It is well known that core and shell burning in massive stars
typically drives convective overturn \citep{kippenhahn}. Although
convective heat transport and mixing are inherently multi-dimensional
phenomena, the dynamical, convective, Kelvin-Helmholtz, and nuclear
time-scales ... | proofpile-arXiv_067-4593 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction }
The entropy change of a system can be considered to come from two
origins, i.e., $dS=dS_{\mathrm{e}}+dS_{\mathrm{i}}$ \cite{de_groot_non-equilibrium_1962,nicolis_self-organization_1977,reichl_modern_2009,kondepudi_modern_2014},
where $dS_{\mathrm{e}}$ comes from the exchange with external sourc... | proofpile-arXiv_067-4799 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
The quality of a software system can be described using different
attributes such as reliability, maintainability etc. There are also various
approaches to improve the quality of software with differing emphasis
on these attributes. Constructive methods comprise one group that tries to
improve ... | proofpile-arXiv_067-4828 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction} \label{sec-introduct}
The neutrinos interacting with plasmas play key roles in many astrophysical situations including supernova explosions. They are generally produced due to very high explosions in the core of massive stars and can have significant impact on the cooling of white dwarfs an... | proofpile-arXiv_067-4930 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Axel Thue, in \cite{Thue1909}, showed that the equation
\begin{align}\label{eq:generalThueEq}
F(x,y) = h
\end{align}
has only finitely many integer pair solutions when $F(x,y) \in \mathbb{Z}[x,y]$ is an irreducible (over $\mathbb{Z}$) homogeneous polynomial of degree $n \geq 3$ and $h \in \mat... | proofpile-arXiv_067-4938 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
\input{chapters/introduction.tex}
\section{Related work}
\input{chapters/related_work.tex}
\section{Problem}
\input{chapters/hidden_representation.tex}
\section{Method: potential energy loss}
\input{chapters/genralization_error.tex}
\section{Empirical study}
\input{chapters/empirical_study.te... | proofpile-arXiv_067-4949 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Understanding the behavior of traffic participants is essential for autonomous driving systems, especially for safe navigation in crowded and complex traffic scenarios \cite{lefevre2014survey}.
In these scenarios, accurate trajectory prediction can not only help autonomous vehicles make informe... | proofpile-arXiv_067-5066 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Due to the pioneering work of Cook satisfiability of Boolean circuits is among the most celebrated problems in computer science.
Although the problem itself is \textsf{NP}-complete\xspace, it becomes solvable in \textsf{PTIME}\xspace when restricted to circuits of special kinds... | proofpile-arXiv_067-5098 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
In this paper we study the $\mu$-$\lambda$ family of equations
\begin{align}
&m_t(t,\theta) + u(t,\theta) m_{\theta}(t,\theta) + \lambda u_{\theta}(t,\theta) m(t,\theta) = 0,\label{mubgeneral} \\
&m(t,\theta) = \sigma(t) - u_{\theta\theta}(t,\theta), \qquad \sigma(t) = \int_{S^1} u(t,\theta... | proofpile-arXiv_067-5182 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
In this paper, we consider a complete probability space $\left(\Omega, {\cal F}, P\right)$, on which we suppose given a standard Brownian motion $W$ (could be $d$-dimensional). Througout the paper, $\mathbb F:=({\cal F}_t)_{t\geq0}$ denotes the complete and right-continuous filtration generated ... | proofpile-arXiv_067-5185 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Researchers suggest that the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 will quickly rebound if interventions (e.g., quarantine and social distancing) are relaxed~\cite{ferguson2020report}. Vaccination has greatly reduced the burden of many infectious diseases~\cite{andre2008vaccination} throughout history, and... | proofpile-arXiv_067-5382 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{INTRODUCTION}\label{sec:introduction}
Core-collapse supernovae (SNe) are the terminal explosions of stars with initial mass $>${}$8~M_{\odot}$ \citep{Burrows95}. This aspect of massive star evolution was empirically confirmed by the discovery of the blue supergiant progenitor of SN~1987A \citep{podsialowski+... | proofpile-arXiv_067-5454 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:introduction}
The Antarctic Peninsula is a hotspot of global warming. It has experienced a substantial temperature increase in the 20th century~\cite{absence}, strongly affecting its cryosphere. In 1995, the Prince-Gustav-Channel and Larsen-A ice shelves (floating extension of the glac... | proofpile-arXiv_067-5488 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{INTRODUCTION}
The paper investigates a critical known problem of airplane wing control under the flexural torsion flutter. The stability in this task is closely connected to the ability to maintain under oscillations wings integrity because, during a flight, their components can experience significant strain.... | proofpile-arXiv_067-5589 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction and Statement of the Result}
For $ q $, $ a $ integers such that $ a \geq 1 $, $ 1 <
q $, $ (x, y) \in {\mathbb{R}}^{2} $, we consider the operator
\begin{equation}
\label{eq:P}
P(x, y, D_{x}, D_{y}) =
D_{x}^{2} + x^{2(q-1)} D_{y}^{2} + y^{2a} D_{y}^{2} .
\end{equation}
Here $ D_{x} = 1/\sqrt{... | proofpile-arXiv_067-5711 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
In using proof assistants to establish theorems with very high assurance at relatively low human cost, two main methods are employed. One can implement \emph{proof-generating theorem provers} that justify their decisions in terms of more primitive reasoning steps, or one can e... | proofpile-arXiv_067-5745 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
Whilst the Standard Model (SM) seems to have survived in good health
the first round of tests at the LHC, at least three different
types of observations represent clear evidences for new
physics. These are: neutrino oscillations that require neutrino
masses; the Unive... | proofpile-arXiv_067-5947 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\subsection{Band nesting}
In semiconductors, the band gap plays an important role in what concerns optical absorption.
It defines the threshold after which there is absorption
of electromagnetic radiation, by the promotion of an electron from the valence band to the conduction band.
But the largest absorption is usu... | proofpile-arXiv_067-6001 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
In this paper, we derive estimates which compare the running maximum of
a martingale with its quadratic variation.
Given real numbers $x_n, h_n$, $ n\in\N$ we write
\[
x^*_n:= \max_{k\leq n} | x_k |,\quad\quad
[x]_n:= x_0^2+\sum
_{k=0}^{n-1} (x_{k+1}-x_k)^2,\quad\quad
(h\cdot x)_n:= \sum_... | proofpile-arXiv_067-6082 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}\label{section: Introduction}
The \textit{chiral de Rham complex} (\textit{CDR}) was introduced by Malikov-Schechtman-Vaintrob in \cite{MSV99}. It is a sheaf of vertex superalgebras containing the usual de Rham complex.
Gorbounov-Malikov-Schechtman generalized this notion by introducing the sh... | proofpile-arXiv_067-6166 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{\@startsection {section}{1}{\z@}%
{-3.5ex \@plus -1ex \@minus -.2ex
{2.3ex \@plus.2ex}%
{\normalfont\large\bfseries}}
\renewcommand\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
... | proofpile-arXiv_067-6189 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Refraction of light is the fundamental optical phenomenon.
Significant progress in fabrication of nanoscale structures led to creation of
optical metamaterials which allow us to manipulate the way light refracts.
For example, at the interface of negative-index metamaterials, the angle of
refract... | proofpile-arXiv_067-6204 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
\label{1}
The radio pulsar J1119--6127, at the center of the supernova remnant (SNR) G292.2--0.5, was discovered in the Parkes multibeam 1.4 GHz pulsar survey with a spin period $P$=408~ms, spin-down rate $\dot{P}$=4$\times$10$^{-12}$ s~s$^{-1}$, characteristic age $\tau_c$$\approx$1.9~kyr, and ... | proofpile-arXiv_067-6281 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
The `spiked model' is the simplest probabilistic model of a data matrix with a latent low-dimensional structure.
Consider, to begin with, the case of a symmetric matrix. The data are written as the sum
of a low-rank matrix (the signal) and Gaussian component (the noise):
\begin{align}
{\boldsym... | proofpile-arXiv_067-6331 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
Meson production experiments with photon and electron beams have been very
active at facilities worldwide.
A main interest is to gain information on the properties of nucleon
resonances ($N^*$) such as their pole positions
and electromagnetic transition form factors,
using data c... | proofpile-arXiv_067-6399 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Recent years have seen the development of an abundance
of specialized tools for the study of orbifolds.
A variety of cohomology theories have been crafted
specifically to investigate particular classes of orbifolds
arising in complex geometry, algebraic geometry,
symplectic geometry and st... | proofpile-arXiv_067-6496 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section*{Funding Information}
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC).
| proofpile-arXiv_067-6520 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Most electricity systems worldwide are undergoing major transformations driven by the need of improving their sustainability and efficiency. These affect both their technical and economical operation and pose new challenges for all the different agents that participate in the electricity supply c... | proofpile-arXiv_067-6637 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction}
One of the main goals of exoplanet searches is to understand our Solar
System, with inner and outer planets including the benchmark planets:
Earth and Jupiter. Although hot Jupiters around Sun-like stars and
Earth-mass planets around M-dwarfs have been detected during... | proofpile-arXiv_067-6763 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
The identification of the optical counterparts of the large number of
sources detected in recent radio surveys at 1.4 GHz (e.g.,
\citealt{best12}) revealed that the majority of the radio sources
associated with low redshift galaxies show compact emission, with
sizes $\lesssi... | proofpile-arXiv_067-6772 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{More on the Simulations}
\label{app:simulation}
In the following, we include additional information about the simulation study in Section~\ref{sec:simulations}.
We start by explaining in detail how the data sets were created, and in Section~\ref{app:additional_simulation_results} we give some additional resul... | proofpile-arXiv_067-6778 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
In the world of $C^*$-algebras, the construction of crossed-products $A\rtimes_\alpha G$ for an action of a locally compact group $G$
an a $C^*$-algebra $A$ is one of the most fundamental tools in the theory--not only to construct interesting examples of $C^*$-algebras, but also in the applica... | proofpile-arXiv_067-6850 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
One of the main tools in the study of singularities of maps is the theory of Thom polynomials. They express the fundamental classes of the multisingularity strata for a generic map of arbitrary compact smooth manifolds in terms of their characteristic classes. This theory is however not applicabl... | proofpile-arXiv_067-6865 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) \cite{goodfellow2014generative} is one of recent promising generative models.
In this context, we prepare two networks, a generator $G$ and a discriminator $D$.
$G$ generates fake samples $G(\bm z)$ from noise $\bm z$ and tries to fool $D$.
$D$ classifies real... | proofpile-arXiv_067-6901 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\subsection{\corRef{compose}}\proofLabel{corollary:compose}
\begin{hscode}\SaveRestoreHook
\column{B}{@{}>{\hspre}c<{\hspost}@{}}%
\column{BE}{@{}l@{}}%
\column{5}{@{}>{\hspre}l<{\hspost}@{}}%
\column{64}{@{}>{\hspre}l<{\hspost}@{}}%
\column{E}{@{}>{\hspre}l<{\hspost}@{}}%
\>[5]{}\mathcal{D}\!^+\!\;(\Varid{g}\hsdot{\ci... | proofpile-arXiv_067-6961 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Many applications in the fields of machine learning~\cite{boyd2011distributed} and signal processing~\cite{chierchiaapproche} require the solution of the programming problem
\begin{equation}
\label{eq:minF+G}
\min_{x \in {\mathsf X}} F(x) + G(x)
\end{equation}
where ${\mathsf X... | proofpile-arXiv_067-6971 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section*{Discussion of the examples}
In the course of our discussion we feel free to use standard facts of hyperbolic geometry as one might find in classical texts such as \cite{Maskit,Ratcliffe}. It will also be convenient to see our groups as fundamental groups of infinite, locally finite, graph of groups. We refer... | proofpile-arXiv_067-7083 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
The control flow of a program describes how its elementary operations
are organized along the execution. Usual primitive control mechanisms
are sequences, tests, iteration and recursion. Elementary operations
placed in sequence are executed in order. Tests allow conditionally
executing a group o... | proofpile-arXiv_067-7134 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{INTRODUCTION}
Many quantum materials are characterized by a rich phase diagram,
in which numerous order parameters assume finite values in neighboring
regions of the parameter space of temperature, chemical composition,
mechanical strain, and electromagnetic fields. The natural instinct
one has to capture this... | proofpile-arXiv_067-7178 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}\label{intro}
Multiple wide-field radio surveys have demonstrated that up to 30\% of the radio sky is variable when observing at centimeter wavelengths \citep{2006MNRAS.370.1556B, 2011ApJ...740...65O, 2011MNRAS.412..634B, 2013PASA...30....6M, 2017MNRAS.466.1944M, 2021ApJ...923...31S}.
Some variab... | proofpile-arXiv_067-7247 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Multi-step update targets play an important role in TD learning \citep{sutton:ml88} and reinforcement learning \citep{sutton:book98, szepesvari:book09}. The core concept behind TD learning is to bootstrap the value of one state (or state-action pair) from the value of another state (or state-act... | proofpile-arXiv_067-7344 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
An important and still unresolved problem in fluid dynamics is the question of global regularity in three dimensional Euclidian $R^{3}$ space, utilizing Navier-Stokes equation for incompressible fluid:
\[\frac{\partial \vec{u}}{\partial t} +(\vec{u}\cdot \nabla )\vec{u}=-\frac{\nabla p}{\rho } +\... | proofpile-arXiv_067-7425 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
In almost all Galactic globular clusters (GGC),
the abundance variations of individual elements have been reported.
Since the study of \citet{Sim68,Sim70},
the significance of the variation in C, N, and O abundances has been emphasized
owing to their high abundances in chemical compositions
... | proofpile-arXiv_067-7427 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Given an integer $n \in \Zp$ and some numbers $\alpha,\beta \in \R$ such that $\alpha<\beta$, a sequence of real numbers $(a_i)_{i = 1}^k$ is said to \textbf{fluctuate at
least $n$ times} across the interval $(\alpha,\beta)$ if there are indexes $1 \leq i_0 < i_1 < \dots < i_n
\leq k$ such
th... | proofpile-arXiv_067-7442 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
\label{introduction}
Traffic Modeling has been extensively studied since seminal work by~\cite{wardrop1952road} : economical and technical elements at stake justify the need for a fine understanding of mechanisms ruling traffic flows at different scales. Many approaches with different purposes ... | proofpile-arXiv_067-7485 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{A Transmission Mechanism for LTE-LAA SBS Operation}\label{sec:channelaccess}
\begin{figure}[t!]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[scale=0.25]{3_bands_combined.pdf}
\caption{Illustration of the proposed SBS transmission mechanism on the licensed and unlicensed bands. The two possible states upon sensing... | proofpile-arXiv_067-7500 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Neurodegenerative diseases are a category of progressive loss of structure or function of neurons, including Alzheimer's Disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD) and Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), etc. Neuroimaging has advanced the analysis of neurodegenerative processes ... | proofpile-arXiv_067-7916 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Analysis on Relation Between Phase and Displacement}
... | proofpile-arXiv_067-7920 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section*{Pre\^{a}mbulo}\label{Int}
O atomismo filos\'{o}fico teve sua origem no per\'{\i}odo de florescimento da filosofia grega, mais precisamente com as contribui\-\c{c}\~{o}es de Leucipo e Dem\'{o}crito. Segundo esse \'{u}ltimo, ``nada exis\-te al\'{e}m de \'{a}tomos e vazio; tudo mais \'{e} opini\~{a}o''. Devido... | proofpile-arXiv_067-7999 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
It is well known that stellar black holes (BHs) are formed by gravitational collapse or fallback from core-collapse supernovae of high-mass stars (\citealt{1939PhRv...56..455O}; \citealt{1966PhRv..141.1232M,1990RvMP...62..801B,1999ApJ...522..413F,fryer2001theoretical,2012ARNPS..... | proofpile-arXiv_067-8081 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
All graphs considered in this paper are simple without loops. Let $G=(V(G),E(G))$ be a graph. We use $\delta(G)$ and $\Delta(G)$ to denote its minimum and maximum degree, respectively. For $S\subseteq V(G)$, $G|_S$ denotes the subgraph of $G$ induced by $S$. Let $\mathsf{Path}_n$, $\mathsf{Cyc... | proofpile-arXiv_067-8104 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Wigner representation}
\label{appx:wigner_rep}
For any $n$-qubit state $\rho$, we define the following complex-valued function $W_\rho : {\cal P} _n \mapsto \mathbb{C}$ as
\begin{align}
W_\rho( {\bm{u}} ) \coloneqq \frac{1}{2^n} \mathrm{tr} [A^\dagger_ {\bm{u}} \rho],
\end{align}
where $\{ A_ {\bm{u}} \}$ ... | proofpile-arXiv_067-8121 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\subsubsection[1]{\vspace{3pt}\noindent\textbf{#1.}}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.16}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning, patterns}
\title{Cracking Double-Blind Review:\\ Authorship Attribution with Deep Learning}
\author{Leonard Bauersfeld\thanks{$^*$ equal contribution} \and Angel Romero$^*$ \and Manasi Muglikar \and David... | proofpile-arXiv_067-8162 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Locality and nothing more?}
Bell's discussion of the premises behind his theorem, which differs substantially with respect to his original approach is given most extensively in his final published paper `La nouvelle cuisine'~\cite{Bell2004}. We will base our discussion on it, as the work is often referred to ... | proofpile-arXiv_067-8274 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{INTRODUCTION}
\label{sec:intro}
GRAVITY is a four-telescope beam combiner instrument for the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI) at the Paranal Observatory in Chile. The K-band light from four telescopes will be combined by GRAVITY for two objects simultaneously. By that the beam combiner will not onl... | proofpile-arXiv_067-8347 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Let $X$ be a smooth, projective, geometrically irreducible variety over a number field $L$. In \cite{Manin}, Manin showed that the Brauer group of $X$ can obstruct the Hasse principle on $X$. Let $X({\mathbb A}_L)$ denote the set of adelic points of $X$ and let $\Br(X)$ denote the Brauer group o... | proofpile-arXiv_067-8422 | {
"file_path": "/home/ubuntu/dolma-v1_7/algebraic-stack-train-0000.json.gz"
} |